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Laurence Galian (the ''nom de plume'' of Laurence Joseph Anthony Gagliano) (born April 5, 1954) is a dervish of the Halveti-Jerrahi Order from Istanbul, Turkey. Laurence is the author of two books on spiritual subjects. He has been a frequent presenter at the Starwood Festival, and was one of the first published authors to present Sufi workshops to the Neo-Pagan community. ==Sufi background== Laurence Galian embraced Islam in 1980 taking the Islamic name "Abdullah". Galian "took hand" (Bai'at) with Grand Sheikh Muzafferuddin "Ashki" Ozak al-Halveti al-Jerrahi in 1981. Galian continued his studies with Sheikh Tosun Bayrak al-Jerrahi al-Halveti, Sheikh Nur al-Anwar al-Jerrahi (Lex Hixon), and Sheikh Salik Schwartz al-Jerrahi al-Halveti, at the Halveti-Jerrahi tekke (Spring Valley, New York) and the Masjid al-Farah (New York, New York). Galian traveled several times to the Halveti-Jerrahi tekke in Istanbul, Turkey. He subsequently studied with Sheikh Mansur al-Jerrahi al-Halveti (from Greece and Australia) in the 1990s. Laurence renewed his "hand" (also known as "Bai'at") in the Halveti-Jerrahi Order with Grand Sheikh Sayyid Safer Dal Efendi in 1996. Galian was bestowed the additional name "Muzaffer" by Haydar Baba of the Nur Ashki Jerrahi Sufi Order, in honor of the memory of Sheikh Muzafferuddin "Ashki" Ozak. On September 18, 2003, he reestablished his connection with Hazreti Pir Muhammad Nureddin Jerrahi (the founder of the Jerrahi Order - born in Istanbul in 1678 C.E.) by renewing his hand with Shaykha Fariha al-Jerrahi, the lineage bearer in the Americas (with the help of Shaykha Amina and the khalifas and circle leaders of the Order). From 2005 - 2009 Laurence Galian served as the "Friend" (leader) of the Nur Ashki Jerrahi St. Louis Circle. In December 2009 he and his wife moved to Mexico City, Mexico. A chapter of the book ''American Sufis; Muhammad Ali, Nooruddeen Durkee, Ellen Burstyn, Stephen Schwartz, Daniel Moore, Hossein Nasr, Zia Inayat Khan, Huston Smith'' is devoted to Laurence Galian. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Laurence Galian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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